Steel Ladle Lining - When to Upgrade

When upgrading from conventional ladle brick to high alumina or basic ladle brick, three main factors should be considered from the start of planning: Cost, Heat, Reheat.

Upgrading Ladle Refractory Lining based on Cost

Cost: Compared to a conventional lining, an upgraded lining has a higher initial cost but should have a lower total cost.

Upgrading Ladle Refractory Lining based on Heat

Compared to a conventional lining, an upgraded lining (when cold) can remove a significant amount of heat from the metal present. The amount of heat a refractory product can absorb (bulk specific heat) is directly proportional to its density and composition.

The result of reduced heat in the metal creates a tendency to skull. To reduce this tendency, heat must be retained in the lining by faster turn-around, by using a ladle cover, and by proper preheating.

As to preheating, the question is frequently asked, “To what temperature should a lining be preheated?” The answer can be accurately determined for each shop individually based on previous operating tap temperature, ladle metal temperature, heat weight, and ladle refractory temperature.

Upgrading Ladle Refractory Lining based on Reheat

Compared to a conventional lining, an upgraded lining must be installed with precision because of differences in reheat expansion.
The more refractory alumina and basic bricks, however, have much less reheat expansion. Thus, if joints are left "gapped" during construction, they will stay gapped in service. To avoid joint problems, care must be taken during construction to keep all joints tight using mortar if necessary.

Products to Consider:

Common high alumina brick consists of Rescal 70D and Seneca 80XD.  Common basic brick includes Maxline 10NFY and Nuline Max 10 both resin Mag-Carbon products.  

Need Assistance Upgrading your Ladle Refractory Lining?

Upgrading to high alumina or basic ladle brick from conventional ladle brick is something to seriously consider.   If you need assistance evaluating the benefits/costs for your facility, contact our technical staff.